19/03/2024

HSSE WORLD

Health, Safety, Security and Environment

E-Books: Electrical Safety of Low Voltage Systems

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Electrical Safety of Low Voltage Systems by Massimo Mitolo. The book’s audience consists of electrical engineering students who need to know the principles of electrical safety as well as professional engineers who are involved in the bonding and grounding of power systems. Background requirements include knowledge of a.c. electric circuits, algebra, complex numbers, and basic calculus. Electrical safety may be perceived only as a list of prudent actions to or not to undertake in the presence of energized objects, constituting the defense against direct contact with live parts. However, the safety of persons also depends on their exposure to indirect contact, that is, contact with parts normally not in tension, but likely to become energized due to faults. Thus, the attitude toward live parts is not the only key in preventing accidents.

Electrical safety may be perceived only as a list of prudent actions to or not to undertake in the presence of energized objects, constituting the defense against direct contact with live parts. However, the safety of persons also depends on their exposure to indirect contact, that is, contact with parts normally not in tension, but likely to become energized due to faults. Thus, the attitude toward live parts is not the only key in preventing accidents.
This book, prompted by this concept, is an attempt, from the academic point of view, to bridge the existing gap between life-safety electrical issues in low-voltage systems (i.e., not exceeding 1 kV) and their proper comprehension and design solution, in light of applicable IEC and IEEE standards. We assume, in fact, that we can analytically quantify the hazards caused by indirect contact, thereby promoting a proper design for the electrical system and minimizing the related risk.
The book, based on my 20-year-long experience as a professor and as a professional engineer, provides an explanation of the fault-loops in different types of grounding systems (i.e., TT, TN, and IT) and of the faults occurring on both sides of the supply (i.e., the primary and secondary of substation transformers).

Electrical Safety of Low Voltage Systems Book’s cover

The crucial role played by the state of the neutral is deeply examined, thereby allowing the comprehension of the reasons behind the methodologies of protection against electric shock, which are required by current standards and codes.

The book’s audience consists of electrical engineering students who need to know the principles of electrical safety as well as professional engineers who are involved in the bonding and grounding of power systems. Background requirements include knowledge of a.c. electric circuits, algebra, complex numbers, and basic calculus.

Each chapter is arranged in a format that is aimed at promoting the reader’s understanding by providing many figures and equivalent circuits to clarify, both visually and analytically, the concepts discussed, such as the determination of fault currents and touch voltages. Several chapters also have a section of frequently asked questions at the end,
with relative answers based on the actual inputs of students and professionals.

Contents

The Contents of Electrical Safety of Low Voltage Systems

  • Basic Definitions and Nomenclature
  • Fundamentals of Electrical Safety
  • Mathematical Principles of Electrical Safety
  • The Earth
  • Effects of Electric Currents Passing Through the Human Body
  • TT Grounding System
  • TN Grounding System
  • Protective Multiple Earthing (TN-C-S Grounding System)
  • IT Grounding System
  • Extra-Low-Voltage Systems
  • Electrical safety code manual/
  • Earth Electrodes, Protective Conductors, and Equipotential Bonding Conductors
  • Safety Against Overvoltages
  • Safety Against Static Electricity
  • Testing the Electrical Safety
  • Applications of Electrical Safety in Special Locations and Installations
  • Fundamental Conventions and Electric Circuit Theorems
  • Fundamental Units, Symbols, and Correct Spellings

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Electrical Safety of Low voltage system

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