E-Books: Biological Risk Engineering Handbook Infection Control and Decontamination

Biological risk engineering handbook: control and decontamination /edited by
Martha J. Boss, Dennis W. Day. Biological Risk Engineering Infection Control and Decontamination provides a compendium of biological risk management information. Biological risk is of concern to us all. The biological risks we face vary and include biological contamination within our environment and, more personally, the biological risk to ourselves through disease or the potential for disease. This book deals with a subset of biological risk agents defined as bacteria, molds, yeasts, viruses, and prions. The term biologicals refer to these agents. Of these, the viruses and prions are not currently defined as independent life forms, and the extent to which these agents exhibit the characteristics of organic life are still being debated. The intent of this compendium of information is to foster risk management decisions. In times of strength, we can manage many risks for ourselves and for those around us. As homeland security and other risk-management agendas are addressed politically, increasing emphasis will be placed on codifying biohazard management protocols. The biological risk regulatory process is expected to progress in a manner similar to the chemical risk regulations developed under Superfund. In fact, Superfund was always intended to include uncontrolled infectious substances. The authors of biological risk management regulations face a daunting challenge in that biohazardous agents,
unlike chemicals, can reproduce.
As with most complex subjects, not all the authors included here or in the future will agree on everything. These differences were put aside to provide interdisciplinary discussions that hopefully will lead to sensible risk-management decisions. This text’s authors are bacteriologists, biologists,
industrial hygienists, environmental scientists, microbiologists, engineers, nurses, sanitarians, toxicologists, and safety professionals. All authors used their personal time and offered their professional opinions to shape the research and writing that resulted in this book. Whether they are in the public or private sector, one goal remained preeminent — to provide information to enhance the effectiveness of biological risk management and control.

Biological Risk Engineering Handbook’s cover

Elizabeth Buckrucker, a reviewer, is a Project Manager for the Kansas City District Army Corps of Engineers, working in the Environmental Program branch. Elizabeth began her career in the U.S. Army and currently works as a civilian on environmental projects, including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Laboratory Decommissioning Program. In that capacity, Elizabeth met Dennis and Martha. Along with Donald Demers, current Chief of the FDA Safety Staff, and Renee Dufault, who is a Lieutenant Commander in the Public Health Service, formulated the basic concepts for this book during their hours away from duty.
Biological Risk Engineering Infection Control and Decontamination begins in Chapter 1 with a basic microbiological dictionary with emphasis on fungi and bacteria. Viruses and prions are also discussed. Illustrations of basic morphology and the appearance of mold cultures are provided. Chapters 2 and 3 provide sampling and laboratory procedural descriptions. For biological contaminant sampling (molds, bacteria, viruses), coordination between the sampling teams and the ultimate receiving laboratory is essential.

We then shift gears in Chapters 4 and 5 to interpretation issues associated with toxicological studies and ultimately risk assessment. Risk assessment quantitation had been more thoroughly developed for chemical risk, and the authors hope this volume will provide further impetus for synergistic studies related to risk assessment and management of biohazardous agents.
Because one of the exposure routes is inhalation, Chapter 6 deals with ventilation design. Should a disruption occur in ventilation equipment or other building structures, maintenance will be required.
Good design principles will ensure that maintenance can be safely and easily accomplished. Thus, it is emphasized in both Chapters 6 and 7 that correct design and ongoing maintenance using interdisciplinary expertise are essential.

The Contents of the Biological Risk Engineering Handbook

CHAPTER 1 Micro Dictionary
- Dennis W. Day, Martha J. Boss, Jerry King, and Melanie Karst
CHAPTER 2 Industrial Hygiene Sampling
- Dennis W. Day, Martha J. Boss, R. Vincent Miller, and Chris Wrenn
CHAPTER 3 Biological Sampling and Lab Interpretation
- R. Vincent Miller and Martha J. Boss
CHAPTER 4 Toxicology
- Richard C. Pleus, Harriet M. Ammann, R. Vincent Miller, and Heriberto Robles
CHAPTER 5 Risk Assessment
- Harriet M. Ammann, R. Vincent Miller, Heriberto Robles, and Richard C. Pleus
CHAPTER 6 Ventilation Systems
- Martha J. Boss and Dennis W. Day
CHAPTER 7 Maintenance
- Martha J. Boss, Dennis W. Day, and Marwan Bader
CHAPTER 8 General Infection Control
- Renee Dufault, Martha J. Boss, and Edward Rau
CHAPTER 9 Medical Setting Infection Control
- Renee Dufault, Rita Smith, and Martha J. Boss
CHAPTER 10 Decontamination and Assessment
- Brian Wight and Martha J. Boss
CHAPTER 11 Legionella and Cooling Towers
- Martha J. Boss and Dennis W. Day
CHAPTER 12 Biocides
- Martha J. Boss and Dennis W. Day
CHAPTER 13 Laws and Regulations
- James D. Hollingshead and Martha J. Boss
CHAPTER 14
- Proposed OSHA Tuberculosis Standard and CDC Guidance Comparison Martha J. Boss and Dennis W. Day
CHAPTER 15 Security
- Martha J. Boss and Dennis W. Day
Index